A smart eye-tracking feedback scaffolding approach to improving students' learning self-efficacy and performance in a C programming course

作者：

Highlights：

• Eye-tracking devices were adopted for an immediate scaffolding-feedback system.

• The eye-tracking scaffolding system effectively enhanced students' self-efficacy.

• A smart eye-tracking scaffolding system to learn C programming was developed.

• Multiple scaffoldings should be avoided for better learning.

摘要

•Eye-tracking devices were adopted for an immediate scaffolding-feedback system.•The eye-tracking scaffolding system effectively enhanced students' self-efficacy.•A smart eye-tracking scaffolding system to learn C programming was developed.•Multiple scaffoldings should be avoided for better learning.

论文关键词：Eye-tracking,Programming design,Scaffolding,Self-efficacy,Academic performance

论文评审过程：Received 30 April 2018, Revised 14 September 2018, Accepted 26 January 2019, Available online 28 January 2019, Version of Record 29 January 2019.

论文官网地址：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.01.036