Structure and significance of analogical reasoning

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摘要

Analogical reasoning is suggested as a useful new mechanism for the manipulation and derivation of some kinds of deep knowledge. The starting-point for the suggestion is the observation that experts often express parts of their non-shallow knowledge in terms of ‘cases’ and reason by trying to identify relevant similarities between past cases and a current problem. We describe case-based reasoning as a particular form of analogical reasoning, and set both types of reasoning within a new seven-stage model. An example of reasoning applied to similarities between a case of heart disease and the malfunctioning of a shower system is given and explained.

论文关键词:Analogical reasoning,Case-based reasoning,Deep knowledge,Structure-mapping

论文评审过程:Available online 22 April 2004.

论文官网地址:https://doi.org/10.1016/0933-3657(90)90032-M

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