Usability of concrete and virtual models in chemistry instruction
作者：
Highlights：
• A perceptually controlled virtual modeling system was developed and tested.
• Performance using virtual models was compared to performance using concrete models.
• A similar level of accuracy was measured for performance with both model types.
• Virtual models were more efficient than concrete models on some measures.
• Efficiency when using virtual models was due to constrained interactivity.
摘要
•A perceptually controlled virtual modeling system was developed and tested.•Performance using virtual models was compared to performance using concrete models.•A similar level of accuracy was measured for performance with both model types.•Virtual models were more efficient than concrete models on some measures.•Efficiency when using virtual models was due to constrained interactivity.
论文关键词：Diagrammatic reasoning,Representational competence,Manipulatives,Molecular models,Organic chemistry,Virtual reality
论文评审过程：Available online 13 July 2013.
论文官网地址：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.06.012
